跨文化溝通與創意行銷

1. All periods and commas are placed inside the terminal quotation marks (it doesn't matter if whether the period belongs to your sentence or the quoted sentence!) unless you are using a citation format that gives the page number after the quote.

P.T. Barnam is reputed to have said that "there's a sucker born every minute."

P.T. Barnam is reputed to have said that "there's a sucker born every minute" (Smith 79).

P.T. Barnam is reputed to have said that "there's a sucker bom every minute," and Barnam's circuses undertook to entertain each and every one.

2. All semicolons, colons, and dashes are placed outside the terminal quotation marks.

For example: George Santayan wrote that "those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it" ; today, we are in danger of forgetting the lessons of history.

3. Question marks and exclamation points are sometimes placed inside the quotation marks (if part of the quote) and sometimes placed outside (if part of your own sentence).

For example: In 1864, General Sherman signaled the arrival of his reinforcements: "Hold the fort! I am coming!" [the exclamation is part of the original quotation]

Can anyone in the 1980s agree with Dumas that "woman inspires us to great things and prevents us from achieving them"? [the question is the writer's/student's, not Dumas']

4. Quoting inside a quote:

Use single quotation marks for the words that are already quoted by your source, but double quotation marks around words you are quoting.

For example: At the beginning of World War I, Winston Churchill observed that "the maxim of the British people is 'Business as usual."' [notice the single then double quote marks at the end]

5. If you want to leave out some words from a long quotation, use ellipses [...] to indicate to the reader that you've deleted something. Do not delete words in order to change the meaning of the quotation!

For example: Maugham does not believe that "suffering ennobles the character; ... suffering, for the most part, makes men petty and vindictive."

6. For variety, interrupt a quote like this: "I do not mind lying," wrote Samuel Butler, "but I hate inaccuracy."