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Translations
§@ªÌAuthor  /  Brian  Friel  ¥¬µÜ®¦¡D¶Oº¸

Response to Translations (1980), by Brian Friel

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1) On Translations

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±q¼@¦W¨Ó¬Ý¡ABrian FrielªºTranslations¤@¶}©lÅýŪªÌÃöª`¦b´Þ¥Á±¡¹Ò¤¤»y¨¥¹j»Òªº°ÝÃD¡C¬G¨Æªº­I´º¬Oµo¥Í¦b¤@¤E¤T¤T¦~ªº·Rº¸Äõ¥_³¡·í¥§¤àº¸°p ¡]County Donegal¡^¡A·í³òÆX¾Ç®Õ ¡]Hedge School¡^ ­±¹ïÀHµÛ­^°ê¬F©²ªº¤å¤Æ«I²¤¦Ó¿³°_ªº­^»y¾Ç®Õ¡]National School¡^¡A¦]¤£¼Ä«áªÌ©Ò±À¼sªº§K¶O­^»y±Ð¾Ç¦Óº¥º¥¦¡·L¡C¥[¤W·í®É­^°ê¬F©²©Ò°õ¦æªº¥þ°ê¦a§Î´úø¸Ô¹Ï¡]Ordnance Survey Map¡^­pµe¡A¤£¶È¥[³t¤F·Rº¸Äõ»y¡]Gaelic¡^ªº¨S¸¨¡A·Rº¸Äõ¤å¤Æ¶Ç²Î¤]³z¹L½Ķ¾D¤j­^«Ò°ê¦¬½s¡C¥»¼@Á¿­z¤F¤@¸s¥Í¬¡¦b³o¤@ÃöÁä®É¨èªº¥«¤«¤p¥Áªº¬G¨Æ¡A°O¿ý¥L­Ìªº¥Í¬¡¦p¦ó¾D´Þ¥ÁÅQÅv³z¹L¤£¦P¤è¦¡¤J«I¡B¼vÅT©Î±±¨î¡CÀHµÛ¬G¨Æ±¡¸`µo®iº¥º¥¥¢±±¡AFriel³z¹L¨èµe³o¼ËµL¥i®¾¦^ªº±¡¹Ò¡A¨Ó§åµû­^°ê´Þ¥Á¥D¸q¦b·Rº¸Äõ¾ú¥v¤¤©Ò®iÅSªºÆZ¾î¦æ®|¥H¤Î¯îÂÕªº»y¨¥²¾´Ó¡C

   
Friel¦b³o¼@¥»¤¤¨Ï¥Î¤Fµ´§®ªº¼g§@§Þ¥©¡C¼@¥»ªº®Ñ¼g»Pºt¥X¦]¬°²{¹êªº±ø¥ó¬Ò¬O³z¹L­^»y¶i¦æ¡A¦ý¬O¹ï¸Ü¤¤¤£Â_¥X²{ªº·NÃÑÂ_¼h¨³³t¦aÅýŪªÌ²z¸Ñ¼@¤¤ªº·Rº¸Äõ¤H¬O¥H·Rº¸Äõ»y¶i¦æ¹ï¸Ü¡C¦b¨ä¤¤¤@¹õ¸ÌCaptain Lancey¨Ó¨ìHugh©Ò¥D«ùªº³òÆX¾Ç®Õ¡A¥L¨º­ì¥»¥R¥¸µÛ«Ò°ê¥D¸q¤¤¤ßªº¨¥½×«o¦]¬°Owen¨è·N¿ï¾Ü©Ê¦a½Ķ¡A¤Ï¦ÓÅܦ¨¤FºA«×¤Í¦nªº«Å¥Ü¡Cµ|¦¬°ÝÃD¾D©¿²¤¡A´Þ¥Á»P³Q´Þ¥Áªº¹ï¥ßÃö«Y³Q«§ï¡AOwen¦b¦¹¦¨¤F´Þ¥Á¥D¸qªº¦@¥Ç¡A­I­tµÛÀ°§U®ø·À·Rº¸Äõ¤å¤Æªº³d¥ô¡C

   
¤£¶È¬O½Ķªº¿y§ï¡ATranslations¤]´£¤Î¤F¹ï©ó¤å¤Æªº­×¥¿¡]appropriation¡^¡C©Ò¿×ªº¥þ°ê¦a§Î´úø¸Ô¹Ï¦b·N¸q¤W§Y¬O±N·Rº¸Äõµø¬°¤j­^«Ò°êªºªþÄÝ¡C¥H·Rº¸Äõ»y©R¦Wªº¦a¦W³£¥²¶·¥Hµo­µ©Î¬O¤å·N¶¶ºZ»P§_ªº¼Ð·Ç¨Ó¶i¦æ­^»y¤Æ¡]anglicized¡^ªº§@·~¡C¨ä¤¤¤@¹õOwen¥¿»PLieutenant Yolland¤@¦P¶i¦æĶ¦Wªº¤u§@®É¡AÃö©ó·Rº¸Äõ¦a¦W­I«á©Ò¥Nªíªº¤å¤Æ·N²[¡B©Î¬O¥Á¶¡§H¨Æ³£»´©ö¦a³Q±Ë±ó¡C¹ï©óOwen¦Ó¨¥¡A³o¨Ç¦a¦Wªº­I´º¤£¶È¨S¦³·N¸q¡A¤Ï¦Ó¬O§«Ãª·Rº¸Äõ²{¥N¤Æªº²ÖÂØ¡C¸g­^»y¤Æ«áªº¦a¦W©Ò¥Í²£¦¨ªº¦a¹Ï¡A¯d¤Uªº¶È¬Oªí­±¦a§Î¤Wªº¤@­P¡C³o¹ï©ó¥H·Rº¸Äõ»yªº¦í¥Á¦Ó¨¥¡A¨ä¦a¹Ïªº¥\¯à®Ú¥»¤£¦s¦b¡C³o¼Ëªº¤Ï¿Ø¦b¥t¤@³B¤]¥i¨£¤@¯ë¡G§Y¨ÏOwen¦b¦¹¹Lµ{¤¤©Ò§êºtªº¨¤¦â¬O¿n·¥¦a¶i¦æ¦a¦W­^»y¤Æªº­pµe¡AµM¦Ó¥L¨­¬°·Rº¸Äõ¤Hªº¨­¤À¤´¨Ï¥LµLªk¦b´Þ¥Á±¡¹Ò¤¤¯u¥¿¾Ö¦³¥ô¦ó§Y®É©Ê¡]immediacy¡^¡COwen³o­Ó¦W¦r³QCaptain Lancey»PLieutenant Yolland¤f»~¦¨Roland¡A´N¦p¦P¨ä¥L¤@°_¾D¦¬½sªº·Rº¸Äõ¦a¦W¤@¼Ë¡AOwen¥»¨­§Y¬O¤@­Ó³Q´Þ¥Á³õ°ìªº³Ì¨Î½d¨Ò¡C¦¨¬°Rolandªº¥Lªº½T¤w¬O­^»y¤Æªº²£ª«¡A¦ý³o¼Ë¤lªº¦W¦r²¾´Ó¨Ã¤£«OÃÒ¥L¦b«Ò°êªº³q¦æ©Ê¡]currency¡^¡A¤Ï¦Ó¦b³Ì«á¦]Yolland¥¢ÂܩҾɭPªº¨aÃø¤¤¡AOwen»P¨ä¥L¥¼¨ó§U­^°ê«I²¤ªº·Rº¸Äõ¤H¤´³QÂkÄݬ°¦P¤@¶¥¯Å¡C

   
¥t¥~¡A¦b³o¼Ë¤@­Ó¤Ï´Þ¥Áªº¼@¥»¤¤Friel¤]¥[¤J·R±¡ªº¤¸¯À¡]·í¦~ªìºt®É¬Æ¦Ü¬O¥HYolland-Maire-Manusªº¤T¨¤Ãö«Y§@¬°«Å¶Ç¥DÃD¡^¡CYolland»PMaire¹ï©¼¦¹ªº±¡Ýh±NTranslations±a©¹¼@¤¤ªºÂà©ÑÂI¡C¦bAct II scene II³o¤@¹õ¤¤¡AYolland»PMaire¤À§O¨Ï¥Îªº»y¨¥¦ü¥G¦b³o¼Ë§t±¡ÀqÀqªº±¡¹Ò¤U¦³¬Û¦üªºµü»y¡A¦ý³o¼ËªºÃþ¦P¥u¦s¦b©ó¨¥½Íªºªí­±¡A¦Ó¨S¦³¥ô¦ó·N¸qªº¥æ¶°¡CŪªÌ¤£Â_¾\Ū¨ìªº¬Oµ¶»yªº­«­z¡AµL·N¸q·P¡]meaninglessness¡^ªº°ïÅ|¡CYolland»PMaire³z¹L½T»{©¼¦¹ªº¦W¦r»P½Æ¹|·í¥§¤àº¸°pªº¦a¦W¨Ó½Õ±¡¡A¨ä¹ê¤º§t¤FFriel¹ï©ó¥ø¹Ï¥H·R±¡°µ¬°¸ó¶V´Þ¥Á±¡¹Òªº¤è¦¡·P¨ìªº¯îÂÕ¡C¬Æ¦Ü¦b°ß¤@¦³¥i¯àIJ¸I¨ì¤å¤Æ²ß«Uªº¥y¤l¡A¤]¬O°ß¤@¤@¥yMaire·|»¡ªº­^»y¥y¤¤¡]In Norfolk we desport ourselves around the maypoll¡^¡A¤]¶È¶È¬OÁn­µªº¼Ò¥é¡A¦Ó«D·N¸q¤Wªº²z¸Ñ¡C³z¹L¹ï¸Üªº¿Ø¨ë©Êª½«ü·í¤¤»y¨¥¹j»Ò¡AFriel§åµû¬J¨Ï¬O±¡¼¤¤]µLªk©Ò¶W¶V§ó¤£¯à³B²z´Þ¥ÁªÌ»P³Q´Þ¥ÁªÌªº¹ï¥ßÃö«Y¡A¥B·t¥Ü«Ø¥ß¦b¼Ò¥é¤Wªº»y¨¥§Î¦¡®Ú¥»µLªkIJ¤Î¤å¤Æ¼h­±¤Wªº·¾³q¡C

   
³o¸s¨¤¦â·í¤¤¡A´NÄÝManus³Ì¦³¹ï©ó´Þ¥Á«I²¤ªº¦M¾÷·NÃÑ¡C¹ïManus¦Ó¨¥¡A«Ò°ê¤J«Iªº§Î¦¡¬O¤å¤Æ¼h­±¤]¬O¤ß²z¼h­±ªº¡A¦Ó³Ì²×«h¥H®a®x¬°³æ¦ì¤@¤@¥Ë¸Ñ¡C¼@¤¤Manus­ì¥Í®a®xªº¥Ë¸Ñ©l©ó§Ì§ÌOwen±q³£¬fªL¦^¨ì·í¥§¤àº¸°pªºÂàÅÜ¥H¤Î¦Û¤vªº¤÷¿ËHugh¤@¬N¦a±R©|§Æþù°¨¥j¨å¤å¾Ç¦Ó¥¼¯à¹îı´Þ¥Á¤O¶qªº³¡¸p¤w¶i¤J¥L­Ìªº¨p»â°ì¡FManus¤@¤ß©Ò±H±æªº±B«ÃÃö«Y«h¬O¦]¥L©Úµ´»PHughÄvª§°ê¥ß¾Ç®Õ¡]National School¡^±Ð¾«o¾DMaire©Úµ´¦Ó¥¼¯à¹ê²{¡C¬Æ¦Ü¼@¥½ÁÙ¦]¬°¾DºÃ¿Ñ±þYolland¥²¶·°kÂ÷·í¥§¤àº¸°p¡A³Q­¢Â÷¶}¤F®a¶m¡C

   
Friel³Ð§@Translationsªº¥Î·N¨Ã«D­n«Å¥Ü½Ķªº¤£¥i¯à©Ê¡A¦Ó¬O¦b´Þ¥Áª¬ºA¤Uªº¤å¤Æ«I²¤­ì¥»´N¨S¦³±N«Ò°ê»P¨ä´Þ¥Á¤§°ê®a©ñ¦b¥­µ¥ªº¥­¥x¤W¡A¥H¦¹¬°°ò·Ç¨Ó¶i¦æ¤å¤Æ½Ķ / ²¾´Þ¡A©Ò¦³¾ú¥v»P¶Ç²Î¶Õ¥²¬Ò³Q§Î¶ì¦¨¤j­^«Ò°êªº¹ï¥ß­±¡A§Î¦¨¤G¤¸¹ï¥ßÃö«Y¡C¦b³o¼Ëªº³Q´Þ¥Á§x¹Ò¤¤¨s³º¦³¨S¦³¥i¯à¦s¦b¤@­Ó¦³®Äªº¤Ï§Ü¤è¦¡¡]resistance¡^¡AÀHµÛYollandªº¥¢ÂÜ»P¥þ§ø¸¨¤H¥Áªº¦s·À°ÝÃDÄa¦Ó¥¼¸Ñ¡AFriel¦ü¥Gµ¹¤F¤@­Ó¸û´dÆ[ªºµª®×¡C

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2) ¤×®Ô¦b¡m½Ķ¡n¤¤©Ò±a¨Óªº¸Ù¿Ó®ÄªG

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3)¡m½Ķ¡n­I«áªº¥@¬É

¤B¾åµX (Hsiao-chi Ting)

¥¬µÜ®¦³Å¹pº¸¡]Brian Friel¡^¤§¼@§@¡m½Ķ¡n¡]Translations¡^¬O®Ú¾Ú1830¦~¥N­^°ê¬F©²±±¨î·Rº¸Äõ´Þ¥Á¦aªº¾ú¥v¨Æ¥ó¦Ó§ï½s¡C¥¦¿Ø¨ë­^°ê¬F©²¬°¹E¦æ´Þ¥Á¦aºÞ²z¡B­x¨Æ¦w¥þ©Ò»Ý¡A¬£»º­x©x¤j³W¼Ò¤V¶q·Rº¸Äõ¤g¦a¡A­«·sµ¹¤©¼Ð·Ç¤Æ­^»y¦a¦W¡A¸Õ¹ÏÂǥѩx¤è¼Ð·Çª©·Rº¸Äõ¦a¹Ïªº¤è¦¡¡A±j­¢·Rº¸Äõ¤H±µ¨ü­^»y¤Æªº²Îªv¡C»P¦¹¦P®É¡A­^°ê¬F©²¤]¿ï©w·Rº¸Äõ¬°¨ä¹ê¦æ°ê¥Á´¶¤Î±Ð¨|¬Fµ¦ªº¹êÅç°Ï°ì¡A­^°ê©x¤è¥X¸ê¿³«Ø¤½¥ß¾Ç®Õ¡B¸u½Ð±Ð®v¡A´£¨Ñ¤j²³§K¶Oªº­^»y´¶¤Î±Ð¨|¡AÀK®É¶¡À»¼ì¤F¼Æ¦Ê¦~¨Óªº·Rº¸Äõ¶Ç²Î¥Á¶¡¨p¤H¾Ç®Õ¡]hedge-school¡^¡C¦Ó¤½¥ß¾Ç®Õªº´¶¹M³]¥ß¡A»P§K¶Oªº­^»y±Ð¾Ç¦bªí­±¤W¬Ý¦ü´£¤É¤F·Rº¸Äõ¤Hªº­^»y¾Ç²ß»P²{¥N¤Æ¡A¦ý¹ê»Ú¤W«o¬O­^°ê¬F©²±j¤Æ¹ï·Rº¸Äõ´Þ¥Á¦aªº²Îªv¤â¬q¤§¤@¡C¥þ­±­^»y¤Æªºµ²ªG¤£¦ý¦³§Q©ó¤¤¥¡¶°ÅvºÞ²z¡A¤]¦³§U©ó®ø«Ú·í¦a¤å¤Æªº¤Ï¹ï¶Õ¤O¡C¼Ú¤å¡]Owen¡^»P¤×®Ô¤¤±L¡]Lieutenant Yolland¡^¤G¦ì¥D¨¤¦b¡m½Ķ¡n¼@¤¤«e«áºA«×¤WªºÂàÅܬ۷íµo¤H²`¬Ù¡C      

¼Ú¤å­ì¬O¨ü°Ó·~§Q¯qÁͨϡA·¥¤O¤ä«ù­^°ê©x¤è»s¹Ïªº°Ê¾÷¡A¨Ã¿n·¥°Ñ»P·Rº¸Äõ¦a¦WªºÂàĶ¤u§@¡A¦Ó¤×®Ô¤¤±L«h¬O¨Æ»PÄ@¹Hªº¨Ó¨ì·Rº¸Äõ³o¶ô­¯¥Íªº¤g¦a¡A¦ý¬O·í¤G¤H¦]¤u§@ªºÃö«Y¦Óº¥º¥¼ô¸Z«á¡A¤×®Ô²`²`¬°·Rº¸Äõ¶Ç²Î²E«pªº¥Á­·¤å¤Æ©ÒµÛ°g¡A¤×®Ô¹ï·Rº¸ÄõªºÆg¹|¤]º¥º¥Åý¼Ú¤åÅé»{¨ì®a¶m¤å¤Æªº¬ü¦n¡C¦ý¬O·í¤×®Ô»P·í¦a¤k«Ä±ö¨à¡]Maire¡^ªº¬ÛÅʤް_°¨¾|´µ¡]Manus¡^ªº§ª«ë¦ÓµL¬G¥¢ÂÜ«á¡A­^¬F©²«Â¯Ù·Àµ´·í¦a¤H¯bªº¿E¶i·j¯Á¦æ°Ê¡AÅý¼Ú¤å¨£ÃѨì­^°ê¬F©²ªº´Ý»Å­±¥Ø¡A³Ì«á¥L¥[¤J·í¦a°_¸q¹ÎÅé¡A¤@¦P¤Ï§Ü­^°ê¬F©²ªº°ªÀ£²Îªv¡C

   
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²Î¦X¦Ó¨¥¡A¼Ú¤å»P¤×®Ô¤G­Ó¥D¨¤¥Nªí¤F1830¦~¥N­^°ê²Îªv·Rº¸Äõ®É´Áªº¤G­Ó¨å«¬¥Nªí¡A¤@¦ì¿n·¥¿Ë­^¡A§Æ±æ¨D±o¶i¨B¡B´I¨¬ªº¥Í¬¡¡A«o¤S¹½´c«D¤H¹D©ÊªºÀ£­¢²Îªv¡F¥t¤@¦ìºA«×¥­©M¡A²`¼}¥j¦Ñ¤å¤Æ¡B¯Â¾ë¥Á­·¡A´÷±æ¿Ä¤J·Rº¸Äõ¥Í¬¡«o¾D±Æ¥¸ªº­^°ê¤l¥Á¡C¤G­Ó¤HÁö¦³¤£¦P­Ó©Ê¡A¤£¦P´÷¨D¡A«o¦P¼Ë§Æ±æ¤G­Ó±Ú¸s¯à°÷¿Ä¦X¬Û³B¡A¦ý¦b1830¦~¥Nªº¥¨½ü¤U¡A¥L­Ìªº§Æ±æ«o²T¨S©ó½ÆÂøªº¬Fªv¡B±Ú¸s°ÝÃD¤§¶¡¦Ó®ø³uµLÂÜ¡C

Work Cited
Friel, Brian. “Translations.” Modern and Contemporary Irish Drama. Ed. John P. Harrington. 2nd ed. New York: Norton, 2009. 255-308

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