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Carl Jung |
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Joe Hsieh½sĶ
2009/9/10 |
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¥dº¸¡B¥j´µ¶ð¤Ò¡Bºa®æ(Carl Gustave Jung, 1875~1961)¬°·ç¤hµÛ¦Wªº¤ß²z¾Ç®a¡A»P¨ä®v¦ò¬¥¥ì¼w¦P¼Ë¬°·í¥NµÛ¦Wªº¤ß²z¾Ç®a¡C¨ä¾Ç»¡¹ï¾Ç¬Éªº°^Äm¦³¶°Åé¼ç·N(collective unconscious)¡B쫬(archetype)¡B¤ß²zÃþ«¬¡B·NÃѪº¥\¯àµ¥µ¥¡AÁÙ¦³¥Ñ쫬l¦ù¦Ó¥Xªº¤H®æ±¨ã(persona)¡B»î(anima)¡B¾z(animus)¡B·t¼v(shadow)¡A¥[¤W¹ï©ó¤¤°ê¯«¯¦¥D¸q¡B¹D±Ðµ¥¬ã¨s¡A¥i¤jP¬Ý¥X¥L¤@¥Í¦b¾Ç³N¤è±ªº¦a¦ì¡C
ºa®æ¥Í©ó·ç¤h¥_³¡ªº±d´µ©Z´µ´ò¯`(Lake Constance)¡A¦Û¤p·Q¹³¤OÂ×´I¡A¤]¦]¬°¨äөʸû·í®É«Ä¤l¥j©Ç¡A¦]¦¹®É±`¿W³B¡C¥L¦b®aªþªñ¬Ý¨£¤@Ó¥¨¥Û¡A«K±`±`§¤¦b¤W±¡A¿W¦Û«ä¦Ò¡A¦³®É¤]¥H¤Û·Q¹CÀ¸¦Û®T¡C¨Ò¦p¦³Ó°ÝÃD´N¦Ê«ä¤£±o¨ä¸Ñ¡G·íºa®æ§¤¦b¥¨¥Û¤W®É¡A¸g±`¦b·Q¡A¨ì©³¬O¦Û¤v§¤¦b¥¨¥Û¤W¡AÁÙ¬O¥¨¥ÛÅý¥L§¤¦b¤W±¡H©ÎªÌ¡A¦Û¤v¤]¬OÓ¥¨¥Û¡A¦Ó¦³¤H§¤¦b¦Û¤v¤W±¡H
ºa®æªº¤ß²z¾Ç¤§¸ô¦b¤j¾Ç®ÉÔ¶}©l¡A¦b1902¦~§¹¦¨³Õ¤h½×¤å¡m©Ò¿×¯«¯µ²{¶Hªº¤ß²z¯f²z¾Ç¡n(On the Psychology and Pathology of So-called Occult Phenomena)¡A³o¥»½×¤å¥Nªí¤Fºa®æ¤ß²z¾Çªº¥XµoÂI¡A¦]¬°·í®É¹ï¯«¯µ²{¶Hªº¬ã¨s¨Ã¤£´¶¹M¡A¦Ó¦b¸Ó½×¤å·í¤¤¤w´£¥X³\¦h¦³»ùȪº°ÝÃD¡A¥]¬A·NÃÑ©MµL·NÃѪº¤ä°tµ¥µ¥¡C«á¨Óºa®æ¦¨¬°ºë¯«¯f²zÂå®v(psychiatrist)¡A¨«¤W¤ß²z¾Çªºµo®i¤§¸ô¡C
¤£¤[¡A¦ò¬¥¥ì¼w(Sigmund Freud)µoªí¹d§@¡m¹Úªº¸ÑªR¡n(The Interpretation of Dreams)¡A¼vÅTºa®æ¬Æ»·¡A¨â¤H«á¨Ó¦¨¬°¦n¤Í¡A¤¬¬Û¼vÅT¡Cºa®æ¦b¦ò¬¥¨Ì¼wªº¼ç·NÃÑ(unconscious)¬ã¨s¤§¤Wµo²{¤F¶°Åé¼ç·NÃÑ¡A¤]µoªí¨ä¥L½Ñ¦p쫬¡Bì©l·N¶H(primordial image)µ¥µ¥¬ÛÃö²z½×¡CÁöµM¥L̪º¤Í½Ë¦]¬°·Qªkª[²§¤§¬G¦Ó³vº¥²HÁ¡¡A¨â¤H¦b¦U¦Ûªº»â°ì¤º¨ÌµM¦¨´NÄ£²´¡C
°£¤F¶°Åé¼ç·NÃѪº¬ã¨s¤§¥~¡Aºa®æ¤]¹ï¤¤°ê«ä·Q»á¦³¿³½ì¡C¤j¬ù1913¦~¡AªB¤Í«Â·G(Richard Wilhelm)±q¤¤°ê±a¦^¨Ó¤@¥»Â½Ä¶¹Lªº¡m¤Ó¥Hª÷µØ©v¦®¡n¡A«Â·G¥»¨¬Oº~¾Ç®a¡A¦Û1899¦~¨ì¤¤°ê¥H«á¡A»P±d¦³¬°µ¥¤H±`¦³¨Ó©¹¡A°Q½×º~¾Ç¡C¡m¤Ó¥Hª÷µØ©v¦®¡n¤º§e²{¤F¥@¬É©v±ÐÆ[¡A¥]¬A¦ò±Ð¡B¹D±Ð¡B°ò·þ±Ð¡B¦^±Ðµ¥µ¥¡C·í®Éºa®æ®Iº©ó¶°Åé¼ç·NÃѪº¬ã¨s¡A¥¿¹J¨ì²~ÀV¡A¦Ó«Â·G±a¨Ó³o¥»®Ñè¦nµ¹ºa®æ¤@¤ù®çªá·½¡C¦¹«á¡Aºa®æ¹ï¤¤°ê«ä·Q²£¥Í¿@«p¿³½ì¡A¤S¬ã¨s¤F¡m¼z©R¸g¡n¡B¡m©ö¸g¡n¡B¡m¹D¼w¸g¡nµ¥µ¥¡AÂǦ¹¦A¦^ÀYÀ˵ø¦Û¤v즳ªº¬ã¨s¡C¹ï·í®É©|¥¼¦³ÀWÁc¥æ¬yªºªF¦è¤è«ä·Q¦Ó¨¥¡A§U¯q¨}¦h¡C
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ºa®æ«D±`»{¦P¦ò¬¥¥ì¼w©Ò´£ªº¼ç·NÃÑ·§©À¡A¦ý¦A¸g¹L«ä¦Ò¡A¥L»{¬°¼ç·NÃÑ¥i¦A²Ó¤À¬°¡uÓ¤H¼ç·NÃÑ¡v(personal unconscious)©M¡u¶°Åé¼ç·NÃÑ¡v(collective unconscious)¡C¶°Åé¼ç·NÃÑ»PÓ¤H¼ç·NÃѬO³Ì¥Dnªº®t²§¦b©ó¡GÓ¤H¼ç·NÃѬһPÓ¤H¸gÅ禳Ãö¡A¥]¬AÀ£§í©Î¿ò§Ñªº¤º®e¡C
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ºa®æ¨Ï¥Î¡u쫬¡v¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¶°Åé¼ç·NÃÑ¡A»{¬°¶°Åé¼ç·NÃÑ¥Nªíªº«K¬O¤HÃþ·NÃѤ¤ªºì«¬¡A¦Ü©ó¡u쫬¡vªº·N«ä¬O¤@ºØ¡u¯Âºéªº§Î¦¡¡v¡A¹³®Ø¬[¤@¯ë¡A¨S¦³·N¸q¡C¦ý¥un¥X²{¦³¯à°÷²Å¦X쫬ªº±¡¹Ò®É¡A¸Ó쫬«K·|¥H¥[½Ñ¦b·N¸q¤Wªº¤è¦¡§e²{¡C쫬¥»¨¬OªÅªº¡A¦ý¥Nªí¤@ºØ¥i¯à©Ê¡AÅý¬YºØ·N¸q¯à°÷¶ñ¤J¬[ºc¤º¡Cºa®æ±N¤§Ä´³ë¬°¶b¨t¡A¾¨ºÞªÅªx¡A«o¹w¥ý½T©w¤F¤º®eª«ªºµ²ºc©Mªí¹Fªº§Î¦¡¡C¸Ìªº¼»¥¹µ¥µ¥¡C³o³¡¤À¬O¤HÃþ³Ì·QnÀ£§í¡B±Æ°£ªº¡C
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ºa®æ¹ï©ó¤¤°ê¤å¤Æ¯AÂy»á¦h¡A¤×¨ä¬ã¨s¡m©ö¸g¡n©M¤¤°ê¦ò±Ð¡B¹D±Ð¡A¨Ã¥B±N¤§»P¨ä¦è¤è¤å¤Æ¬Û¤ñ¡A¶i¦Óµo²{¦è¤è¤å¤Æ¦bºë¯«¤W©Ò¯à¶i¨BªºªÅ¶¡¡A¥i»¡¹ï¤¤¦è¤å¤Æ¿Ä¦X°^Äm¨}¦h¡C¤jÅé¨Ó»¡¡Aºa®æ±q¤¤°ê¬ã¨s¤¤±o¨ìªºªF¦è¡A¤@¨¥¥H½ª¤§¡A¬O¤¤°ê¤å¤Æ¤ºÀÄ¡B¦Û¬Ù¡B½Õ¦Xªººë¯«¡A»P¦è¤è±j½ÕÄvª§¡Bªí²{ªººë¯««nÁÕ¥_Âá¡Cºa®æ»{¬°¡A¾¨ºÞ¦è¤è¬ì¾Ç¡B¤å¤Æ¬Û·í¬ð¥X¡A¦ý¤í¯Ê¤F¦Û¬Ùªººë¯«¡A¦pªG¤@ª½³o¼Ë¤£Â_±j½Õ¥~¦b¡Bª«½è¡A«h®e©ö¨«¦V·¥ºÝ¡A¥¢¥h¥¿Å¡CÂǦ¹¡Aºa®æ¹ï©ó¦è¤è¤å©ú´£¥X§å§P¡A»{¬°¦è¤è¤H¹L«×ª`«¡u¦Û§Ú¡v¡A¨Ï±o±`±`»P¡uºë¯«¡v¬Û¤¬¼¯À¿¡A²£¥Í¥Ù¬Þ¡C¦Ó¥B¥L̹L«×ª`«ª«½è¥Í¬¡¡A¦Ó©¿µøºë¯«¥Í¬¡ªº«n¡A¦¹¬°·Ð´o²£¥Íªº¤@¤jì¦]¡C¬Û¹ï¤§¤U¡A¤¤°ê«ä·Q±j½Õªº¡u¤º¬Ù¡v«K¬Oºë¯«¼h±ªº´£¤É¡A¹ï©ó¦è¤è¤Hªº·Ð´oè¦n¬O¤@©«¨}ÃÄ¡C
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ºû°ò¦Ê¬ì. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Gustav_Jung>
¼BÄ£¤¤µÛ¡C¡mºa®æ¡n¡C¥x¥_¥«¡GªF¤j¡A1995¡C
Maggie Hyde. ½²©÷¶¯Ä¶¡C¡mºa®æ¡n¡C¥x¥_¥«¡G¥ßºü¤å¤Æ¡A1995¡C
¤ý·¸¹Å½sµÛ¡C¡mºë¯«¤ÀªR»P¤å¾Ç¡n¡C»O¥_¿¤¡G³¥ÃZ¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1995¡C
Jung, C.G. ¶¾¤t¡BĬ§JĶ¡C¡m¤ß²z¾Ç»P¤å¾Ç¡n¡C¥x¥_¥«¡G¤[¤j¡A1990¡C
§º¾ÇxµÛ¡C¡m¤@¦¸Åª§¹26¥»¤ß²z¾Ç¸g¨å¡n¡C¥x¥_¥«¡G®üÂF¡A2006¡C
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“The C.G.Jung Center of New York”
http://www.cgjungny.org/jungcenter/jungcenterhome.html
¬[³]©ó¬ü°êªººô¯¸¡A¬ã¨sºa®æªº¤ß²z¤ÀªR¤èªk¡B¥Í¥µ¥µ¥¡A¸ê®Æ¦h¤¸“Jung”
http://www.studiocleo.com/librarie/jung/jungpage.html
¤@ӹϮÑÀ]ºô¯¸¡A¸ÌÀY¥]§t¤¶²Ðºa®æªººô¯¸¡A¥]¬A¥Í¥¡BµÛ§@µ¥µ¥
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Jung, C. G.. Psychiatric Studies: The Collected Works of C. G. Jung Vol. 1. ed. Michael Fordham, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, and Princeton, N.J.: Bollingen, 1953.
--. The Psychology of Dementia Praecox. New York: Nervous and Mental Disease Publ. Co, 1907.
--., & Hinkle, B. M. “Psychology of the Unconscious : A Study of the Transformations and Symbolisms of the Libido, a Contribution to the History of the Evolution of Thought”.
London.
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--. Mysterium Coniunctionis: An Inquiry into the Separation and Synthesis of Psychic Opposites in Alchemy. London: Routledge, 1956. : Kegan Paul Trench Trubner, 1912.
--., & Long, C. E. Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology. London: Balliere Tindall & Cox, 1917.
--. & Baynes, H. G.. Psychological Types, or, the Psychology of Individuation. London: Kegan Paul Trench Trubner, 1921.
--., Baynes, H. G., & Baynes, C. F. “Contributions to Analytical Psychology”. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1928.
--., & Shamdasani, S. “The Psychology of Kundalini Yoga: Notes of a Seminar by C.G. Jung”. ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996.
--. Modern Man in Search of a Soul. London: Kegan Paul Trench Trubner, 1933
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