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Patrick  Kavanagh
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¹Ï¤ù¨Ó·½¡Ghttp://www.rareoultimes.co.uk/images/kavanagh.jpg
¥D­n¤åÃþ¡GPoem
¸ê®Æ´£¨ÑªÌ¡GBuck Lee
ÃöÁä¦rµü¡G20th Century Irish Poetry; Modernism; Irish Nationalism: Gaelic Irish tradition

    ¥X¥ÍMonaghan°pInniskeen±Ð°Ïªº³h§x®a®x¡A¤Q¤T·³«K½ù¾Ç¡AÀH«á¸g¥Ñ¦Û¤v¦Û­×§Q¥ÎÀH¤â¥i±oªº®ÑÄy¯A²¤¼sªxªºª¾ÃÑ¡C¦]¬°¹L¤Hªº¤~¯à¡A¨ü¨ìf³ìªv£»Ã¹¯À(George Russel)ªÖ©w¤ÎÆg½à¡A¦]¦Ó©ó1929-30¶¡¦bIrish Statesman¤W³°Äòµoªí¤T­º¸Ö¡C1936µoªíPloughman and Other Poems¡AÀH«á©ó1938µoªí¡A¦Û¶ÇÅé§@«~The Green Fool¡C1939¦~¤K¤ë¡AKavanagh·h¨ì³£¬fªL¡A¤§«á¤]¦¨¬°¥L¸¨¸}¤§³B¡C

    ±q¤T¹s¦~¥N¤¤´Á¶}©l¡A¨ä§@«~¥D­n¥H´y¼g¹A§ø¥Í¬¡¥H¤Î§å§P¬°¥D¡C¦]¬°¥X¥Í³h§x¶¥¯Åªº­I´º¡AÅý³o®É´Áªº§@«~¦³§O©ó§ë¨­·Rº¸Äõ¥Á±Ú¤åÃÀ¹B°Êªº§@®a­Ì¡A¥H¦Û§Ú¸Ñ¼J¤è¦¡(self-mocking)±N¦Û¤vªº¸gÅç»PÁn­µ§ëª`¦b³Ð§@ªº¸Ö§@¤W¡A¨Ï¨ä§@«~§ó±µªñ¤g¦a¤Î¤H¥Áªº¤ßÁn¡C»PFrank O'Connor¡BPeadar O'Donnellµ¥¥D¬y¤å¾Â¤H¤hªº±µÄ²¡A¦b³£¬fªLªº´Á¶¡¡AKavanagh­P¤O©ó¹ï©ó«á·Rº¸Äõ¿W¥ß¬F©²(post-Independent Irish State¡^ªº¬Fµû¥H¤Î·Rº¸Äõ¤åÃÀ´_¿³¹B°Êªº§åµû¤W¡C

        1942ªº¸Ö§@
The Great Hunger¡A¹ï©ó¤Q¤E¥@¬ö·Rº¸Äõ¤j°§¯îªº²`¨è´yø¡A¿Ä¦X¤F¨ä¶m¤g½×­z¤Î®öº©¤åÃÀ·Q¹³ªº¯S¦â¡C§@«~¤¤¹ï©ó¥H¤g¦a¬°¥Íªº¹A¥Á­±Á{µL¥H§Ü©Úªº¤j¨aÃø¡AÄAÂФF·í®É¥D¬yªº¥H¶Ç²Î©~º¸¯S·Rº¸Äõ¤å¤Æ½×­z¡A¤]´N¬O¥H¹A·~¤å¤Æªº¶m¤g½×­z¡C¦bThe Great Hunger¤§«á¡A¬ÛÄ~µoªí¤F¥HªÀ·|©v±Ð¨¤«×ªº½×­z§@«~Soul for Sale (1947)¡A¤Î¦h¦¸­×­qªº¦Û¶Ç¦¡¤p»¡Tarry Flynn (1948)¡C

        Kavanagh¶È¯à¨Ì¾a¹s´²·LÁ¡ªº·s»D¤u§@¨Ó¤ä¼µ¦Û¤vªº¤å¾Ç³Ð§@¡C¥H¨ä¯S®í¾W§Qªº¤å¤Æ½×­z¡A¨£ÃÒ¥|¡B¤­¹s¦~¥N·Rº¸ÄõªÀ·|ªºÂàÅÜ¡C¨Ã´¿¸g¦b1952¦Û¤vµu¼Èªºµo¦æKavanagh's Weekly¡C

    ¹ï©ó¤å¾Ç½×­zªº¨£¸Ñ¡A¦³§O©ó·í®Éªº¤åÃÀ´_¿³¹B°Ê½×­z¤Î¥Á±Ú°ê®a¥D¸qªº¤å¤Æ¤jºX¡AKavanagh»{¬°¡u¤å¾ÇÀ³¦b¹ï¨ä·í¤Uªº·N¶H¤Î¤å¦r»y¨¥¤W¤U¥\¤Ò¡A¤]»Ý­n©¾¹ê§e²{§@®a¹ï©ó¤é±`¥Í¬¡¡B´¶¹M²{¶Hªº¯u¼°¦^À³¡C¡v¥L¯S§O¥H¦a°ì©Ê(parochialism)ªº·N¸q¨ú¥N©Ò¿×ªº¯Âºé·Rº¸Äõ©Ê½×­z(the cult of Irishness)¡A¨Ã±j½Õ¤å¾Ç¤¤ªº¦Û§Ú©Ê®æ(personality/individuality)¦Ó«D±Ú¸s·NÃÑ(ethnicity)ªº¹L´ç¸àÄÀ¤Î¥D±i¡C

    ¤­¹s¦~¥N¡AKavanagh¸g¾úªÍÀùªº¤â³N«á¡A¹ï©ó³Ð§@ªººA«×ÁͦV©óÀH©Êªº­·®æ¡A¦b¦¹®É´Á¥L»{¬°¡u¸Ö¤£À³¸Ó¬OªÀ·|§åµû½×­z¡A¤]¤£¸Ó¬O¦Û§Ú½×­zªº±´¨s¡A¦Ó¬OÀH©Ê¡B¸Ù¿Ó¡B¤£»ÝÁB´|³y§@¡C¡v¦¹«á¡A¦]¬°³¤°s°ÝÃD¡A¤]ÄY­«¼vÅT¨ä³Ð§@ªº¥Í©R¡C¦ý¨ä§@«~½×­z²`¨ü·s¤@¥Nªº·Rº¸Äõ§@®aªºÆg½à¤Î±À±R¡C1964¦~¤Î1967¬ÛÄ~¥Xª©¨ä¸Ö¿ï¶°¤Î´²¤å¶°¡C67¦~4¤ë»Pªø¦~ªº¦n¤ÍKatherine Maloneyµ²±B¡A¦ý¤£©¯¦a¦b¦P¦~11¤ë30¤éÃã¥@¡C

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