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¥ì¹y¤§©Ò¥H°¾·R¤é¥»¥DÅé¥H¤Î¤é¥»¤å¤Æ­·±¡¡A¤]³\¬O¨ü®a®x¤Î·í®É¾ú¥v­I´º¼vÅT¡C¦o½Ï¥Í©ó¥[®³¤j»X¯S°ú¡]Montreal, Canada¡^¡A¬Oµ·º÷°Ó¤§¤l·R¼wµØ¡E¥ì¹y¡]Edward Eaton¡^ ªº²Ä¤K­Ó«Ä¤l¡A¥À¿Ë¸¯·ç´µ¡E·çºÖ·æ´µ¡]Grace Trefusis¡^(¤¤¤å¦W¬°½¬ªáLotus Blossom)«h¬O¨ü­^°êªª®v¼¾¾i±Ð¨|ªº¤¤°ê¤k¤l¡CÁö»¡¥À¿Ë¬OµØ¤H¡A¦ý¥ì¹y¹ïµØ¤H¤å¤Æ¯AÂy¤£¦h¡C¦oªº¤÷¿Ë¡A·R¼wµØ¡E¥ì¹y¬O¦ì³h½aªºÃÀ³N®a¡A®È©~¤é¥»®É¡A¥¿¬O¯B¥@ø¡]Japonisme¡^ªº¥þ²±®É´Á¡C1894-1895¦~¶¡¡A¤é¥»Ä¹±o¥Ò¤È¾Ôª§¡]Sino-Japanese War¡^¡AÅý¬ü°êªÀ·|¤Q¤À­·¦æ¤é¥»¤å¤Æ¡A³o¤]¥i¯à¬O¥ì¹y¦b§@«~¤¤¸m¤J¤é¥»¤å¤Æ­I´ºªº¦]¯À¤§¤@¡A¤]¤Ï¬M¤F·í®É¬ü°êªÀ·|¹ï©ó¤é¥»¤å¤Æªº¾K¤ß¡C¥ì¹yªº§@«~¦h¬°¤é¥»¤k©Ê»P¥Õ¤H¨k¤l¶¡ªº·R±¡¬G¨Æ¡A¨ä§@«~¤]¦h¦]´`¶Ç²Îù°Ò¥v¼Ò¦¡¡A¬üÄRªº¤k¥D¨¤³Q­^«Tªº¨k¥D¨¤·f±Ï¡A¾ú¸g­«­«¦ÒÅç«á²×¦¨²²ÄÝ¡C¤£¦Pªº¬O¡A¥ì¹yµ§¤U¨èµeªº¬O¸óºØ±Úªº·RÅÊ¡A®Ñ¤¤¤@©w¦³¥Rº¡²§°ê­·±¡¡A¤Ñ¯u®öº©ªº¤k¥D¨¤¡A³o¼Ëªº³]©wªº½TÃø¥H¸õ²æ¶Ç²ÎªF¤è¤k©Êªº¨èªO¦L¶H¡A¦ý¥ì¹yµ§¤Uªº¤k¥D¨¤¤]¦P®É¨ã¦³¬ü°ê·s¤k©Êªº¯S¦â¡A°í¼Ý¥B¦Û¥D¡A¦Ó¦oªº´X³¡ºZ¾P¤p»¡¡A¤]¼fµø¤F²§°ê±B«ÃªºÄ³ÃD¡C

 

¥ì¹y14·³¦b»X¯S°ú¡]Montreal¡^·í¦a³ø¯Èµoªí²Ä¤@½g§@«~¡A16·³®É¦¨¬°Gall's Daily News Letterªº°OªÌ¡C1896¦~¡A¥ì¹y«e©¹¬ü°ê¡A©ó1897-1898¦~¶¡¦bCincinnati Commercial Tribune¤u§@¡C¦o²Ä¤@­Ó¥H¤é¥»¬°­I´ºªº¬G¨Æ¡m¤@¦ì¤é¥»¤k«Ä¡n(A Japanese Girl)¡A§Yµoªí©ó³o¥÷³ø¯È¤W¡C¥t¤@³¡§@«~¡A¡m¤é¥»ÅÊ·R¬G¨Æ¡n¡]A Japanese Love Story¡^¡A«h©ó1897¦~µoªí©óIroquois Magazine¡A±q³o³¡§@«~¶}©l¡A¥ì¹y¶}©l¥Î¡u¤Ò³¥´ç¦W¡v¡]Onoto Watanna¡^§@¬°µ§¦W¡C1898¦~¡A¥ì¹y²¾©~ªÛ¥[­ô¡]Chicago¡^¡A¨Ã¦b¦×«~¥]¸Ë¤u¼t±q¨Æ¯µ®Ñ¤u§@¡A¤]³°Äò¥Xª©»P³\¦h¤é¥»¬ÛÃöªº¤å³¹»P¤p»¡§@«~¡C1901¦~¡A¥ì¹y²¾©~¯Ã¬ù¡]New York¡^¡A»P³Õ¶Ê¯S¡E¨©±F§J¡]Bertrand W. Babcock¡^µ²±B¨Ã¨|¦³¥|¦W¤l¤k¡A³o¬q´Á¶¡¡A¦o¥­§¡¤@¦~¥Xª©¤@¥»¤p»¡¡A¡mµµÃä§ÅÊ¡n¡]The Wooing of Wisteria¡^¡B¡m­·«H¤§¤ß¡n¡]The Heart of Hyacinth¡^»P¡m§ùÃY¤§ÅÊ¡n¡]The Love of Azalea¡^¬Ò§¹¦¨©ó¦¹®É´Á¡C¤£¹L¡A¥ì¹y¨Ã¥¼º¡¨¬©ó³oÃþªºÃD§÷¡A1907¦~¡A¦o¦³¤F·sªº¹Á¸Õ¡A§¹¦¨¤F¥H·Rº¸Äõ¤k¼p®v¬°¥D¨¤ªº¡m¼w²ú¨Èªº¤é°O¡n¡]The Diary of Delia: Being a Veracious Chronicle of the Kitchen with Some Side-Lights on the Parlour¡^¡A1916¦~¡A¥ì¹y»P¨©±F§JÂ÷±B¡A±Û§Y¦A¶ùªkÄõ§J¡E§Q¤Ò¡]Frank Reeve¡^¡A¨Ã·h¨ì¦ì©ó¥[®³¤jªº¹A³õ©~¦í¡A©ó¦¹¦P®É¡A¥Xª©¤F³Ì«á¤@¥»¤é¸Ç¬ü°ê¤Hªº®öº©¤p»¡¡A¡m®á©g¤p©j¡n¡]Sunny San¡^¡A¤§«á¡A¥ì¹y¸Õ¹Ï±N®öº©·R±¡¬G¨Æ»Pªª³õ¥Í¬¡µ²¦X¡A³o¼ËªºÃD§÷¡A±q¦o³Ì«áªº¨â¥»¤p»¡¡m¤û°¦¡n¡]Cattle¡^»P¡m¦Û©R¤£¤Z¡n¡]His Royal Nibs¡^¥i¨£ºÝ­Ù¡C1924¦~¥ì¹y«e©¹¦nµÜ¶õ¡]Hollywood¡^¤u§@¡AÁöµM¨S¦³¦C¦W¡A¦ý¦o¹ê»Ú°Ñ»P¤F³\¦h¹q¼v»s§@¡A1931¦~«á¡A¥ì¹y¦^¨ì¥[®³¤j©w©~¡A1954¦~4¤ë8¤é³u¥@©ó¥[®³¤j¡A¦o©Ò¦³ªº§@«~¥Ø«e³Q«O¯d©ó¥dº¸¥[¨½¤j¾Ç¡]University of Calgary¡^¡C

 

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¡m¤é¥»ªº³¥¶¡¤p©j¡G¤@­Ó¤é¸Ç¬ü°ê¤HªºÃ¹°Ò¥v¡n¡]Miss Numè of Japan¡^¡Aµoªí©ó1899¦~¡Aµû½×®a»{¬°¡A³o¬O²Ä¤@³¡¥Ñ¨È¸Ç¬ü°ê¤H¤½¶}µoªíªº§@«~¡C³o¬O­Ó¨â¹ï¬ü°ê¤H»P¤é¥»¤H¶¡¸óºØ±Úªº·R±¡¬G¨Æ¡C°ª®q¡]Takashima¡^§¹¦¨«¢¦ò¡]Harvard¡^¾Ç·~«á¡A¦b¦^°êªº²î¤WÁÛ°m¤F­·±¡¸UºØªº¬ü°ê¤k¤l¡A§J¨½¼Ú¡E¤Ú©Ô¼w¡]Cleo Ballard¡^¡A§J¨½¼Ú©M¥À¿Ë»Pªí­ô´ö©i¡E¤Ú©Ô¼w¡]Tom Ballard¡^­pµe¦bªF¨Ê¡]Tokyo¡^»P¥¼±B¤Ò¸I­±¡C¦b®È³~¤¤¡A§J¨½¼Ú¦^À³¤F°ª®qªº°l¨D¡A·í¨â¤HªºÅʱ¡¶V¨Ó¶V¼ö¯P®É¡A¦bªF¨Êµ¥­Ô°ª®qÂk¨Óªº³¥¶¡¤p©j¡]Numè¡^¡A¤]¦b®b·|¤¤ÁÛ°m¤F¤@¦ì¬ü°ê¥~¥æ©x¨¯§JµÜº¸¡]Sinclair¡^¡AÁöµM¨¯§JµÜº¸¹ï¤é¥»¤k©Ê¦³·¥¤j°¾¨£¡A«o¹ï³¥¶¡¤@¨£Á鱡¡C¬G¨Æªº³Ì«á¡A³¥¶¡¤p©j©M¨¯§JµÜº¸¥H©¯ºÖªº±B«Ã¦¬³õ¡AµM¦Ó¡A§J¨½¼Ú©M°ª®q«o¨S¦p¦¹©¯¹B¡A§J¨½¼Ú©Úµ´©M°ª®qµ²±B¡A°ª®q©M³¥¶¡ªº¤÷¿Ë¦]¦¹¦Û±þ¡C´N¬YºØ·N¸q¦Ó¨¥¡A³o­Ó·R±¡¬G¨Æ±À½¤F¬ü°ê¤H¹ï¤é¥»ªº¿ù»~¸ÑŪ¡A¤é¥»¨k©Ê¦Û±þ¨­¤`»é¥¸¤F¨¯§JµÜº¸¹ï¤é¥»¨k©ÊµL±¡ªº¨èªO¦L¶H¡A¦Ó¥L©M³¥¶¡¤p©jªº·R±¡¡A¤]ÃÒ©ú¤F¤é¥»¤k©Ê¨Ã«D¨S¦³­Ó¤H±¡·P¡CÁöµM¡A§J¨½¼Ú¦b¬G¨Æ¤¤¥Nªí¤F¬ü°ê¡u·s¤k©Ê¡v¡AµM¦Ó¡A¨ä©ß±ó°ª®q¿ï¾Ü©Mªí­ôµ²±B¡A§áÂà¤F«¬¶ì¥X¨Óªº¬ü¦n¬ü°ê¦L¶H¡A¬Æ¦Ü¡A§J¨½¼Ú³Ì«áªºµ²§½¡A¤]¬O¹ï¦oÁ¡±¡¹è¸qªºÃg»@¡C

 

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¡m¤é¥»©]Åa¡n¡]A Japanese Nightingale¡^µoªí©ó1901¦~¡A¤£½×¬O«Ê­±©Î¬O®Ñ¥»¸Ì¡A¬Ò¤j¶q¸Ë¹¢±m¦â´¡¹Ï¡A¦p¼uµÛ¤T¨ý©¶ªºÃÀÉ«¡A¤H¤O¨®¥í¡A©Î¬O¤é¥»­·´º¡C¤p»¡´y­z¬ü°ê«C¦~³Ç§J¡E»«®æ¬¥¡]Jack Bigelow¡^»P¤é­^²V¦å¤k¤l¤Í¬ö¡]Yuki¡^ªº·R±¡¬G¨Æ¡A²Ä¤@¦¸¨£­±®É¡A»«®æ¬¥§Y³Q¤Í¬ö°Ò§®ªº»R«º§l¤Þ¡A¾¨ºÞ·¥¤O§Ü©Ú¤Í¬ö¹ï¥Lªº°l¨D¡A»«®æ¬¥¤£ÅU¤Í¤H¤Ó­¦¡E³Õ¹y¡]Taro Burton¡^ªºÄU§i¡A°í«ù»P¤Í¬öµ²±B¡C±B«á¡A»«®æ¬¥¹ï©ó¤Í¬ö©Ç²§ªº¦æ®|·P¨ì¤Q¤ÀµJ¼{¡A¤Í¬ö¤£Â_ªº¥Î¦UºØ²z¥Ñ¦V»«®æ¬¥¯Á¨úª÷¿ú¡A§óÁVªº¬O¡A¦o¤£Â_µL¬Gªº¥¢ÂÜ¡AÅý»«®æ¬¥§ó¥[¤£¦w¡A²×©ó¡A©Ò¦³ªº¤@¤Á¦b¤Ó­¦¦^¬ü°ê«á¯u¬Û¤j¥Õ¡A¤Í¬ö­ì¨Ó¬O¤Ó­¦ªº©f©f¡A»P»«®æ¬¥µ²±B¶È¬°¤FÀ°§U­ô­ôÄw±¹¦^¬üªº®È¶O¡A°ò©ó¹ïªB¤Íªº·\ª¹·P¡A¤Ó­¦¦b¾Ò®¬¤¤¹L¥@¡AÁ{²×«eÀµ¨D»«®æ¬¥ªº­ì½Ì¡A¦³§O©ó¨ä¥L¥Hµ²±B¦¬³õªº¤p»¡¡A¥»®Ñ±Ä¥Î­Ë±Ôªk¡A¥H¤Í¬ö»P»«®æ¬¥ªº­«³{°µ¬°¬G¨Æªº¶}©l¡C

 

°£¤F¤@¨t¦Cªº¤é¥»Ã¹°Ò¥v¡A¥ì¹y¤]³Ð§@³ß¼@¤p»¡¡A¡mµµÃä§ÅÊ¡n¡]The Wooing of Wisteria¡^§Y¬O¨ä¤@¡C¥»¬G¨Æªº¨k¥D¨¤´º½÷¡]Keiki¡^·µ¤U¡A¨Ó¦Û®Ä©¾¤Ñ¬Óªº¤ò§Q¡]Mori¡^®a±Ú¡A¦Ó¥X¥Í¨õ·Lªº¤k¥D¨¤µµÃá]Wisteria¡^¡A¬O¥Ñ®Ä©¾¹õ©²±N­xªº©M¤]¡]Catzu¡^®a±Ú§ß¾iªø¤j¡C¤£©¯ªº¡A¤ò§Q®a±Úªº´º½÷·µ¤U·R¤W¤F¼Ä¹ï®a±ÚªºµµÃáA¬°¤F°l¨DµµÃáA´º½÷°°¸Ë¼ç¤J¼Ä¤è¡A¥Lªº¨­¥÷±Û§Y³QÃѯ}¡AµµÃ꺾i¤÷¨Ã¥¼©î¬ï´º½÷¡A¤Ï¦Ó­n¨D¦o¦â»¤´º½÷¡A¥HÅѨú­x¨Æ¾÷±K¡A±µÀòµµÃóq­·³ø«H¦Ó±ý°k¨«ªº´º½÷¡A¤´Â³Q¶e¡A¬°¤FÀç±Ï´º½÷¡AµµÃëØij¾i¤÷¡A¤£¦pÅý¦o¶ùµ¹´º½÷¡AÅý¤ò§Q®a±Ú²V¤J¨­¥÷¨õ·Lªº§C¤U¶¥¯Å¦å²Î¡A§@¬°³ø´_¡C·í±oª¾°ª¶Qªº¤ò§Q®a±Ú³ºµMªï°ù¤F¨­¥÷¨õ·L§C¤Uªº·s®Q¡A´º½÷¾_Å大¾l¡A©ß±óµµÃèæÛÄ@¬°¤Ñ¬Ó¥X©º¡A¬°®¾¦^´º½÷¡AµµÃø˧ꦨ¦~»´¨k¤l²V¤J­x¶¤¡A¾ú¸g¦h­«¦ÒÅç¡A¶¥¯Å¨î«×²×©ó¼o°£¡AµµÃño»P´º½÷¦A«×¦@µ²³s²z¡CÂǥѸóæ¬É¡A¸Ë§ê¡A¡mµµÃä§ÅÊ¡nªº¬G¨Æ¸ó¶V¤F¶¥¯ÅÿÆX»P©Ê§O¬É­­¡A¦Ó¦P¼Ëªº¤âªk¤]¹B¥Î¦b¡m­·«H¤§¤ß¡n¡]The Heart of Hyacinth¡^©M¡m¤G条®aªº¤k¨à¡n¡]The Daughters of Nijo¡^µ¥¤p»¡¸Ì¡C

     

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Botshon, Lisa. "Winnifred Eaton (1875-1954)." Asian American Novelists: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook. Ed. Emmanuel S. (ed. and preface) Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2000. 93-98.

Pan, Zhiming. ¡§Winnifred Eaton.¡¨ The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Asian American

Literature. Ed. Guiyou Huang. Vol. 1. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2009. 245-55.

¡§Winnifred Eaton¡¨ Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 1 April. 2011 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnifred_Eaton>.

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