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"... the antiphonal 'leader-and-chorus' patterns
which have persisted so strongly in Negro religious song, and in the
worksongs, are unfamiliar in the blues vocal as such, but there is a
frequently expressed opinion that the use of the 'answering' guitar in
some blues traditions is a retention from the custom of
leader-and-chorus singing (found in Africa.)"
quoted from Paul Oliver at:
http://www.teleport.com/~repmail/af-am-mu.html#blues
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Photos
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| Hollers |
| Introduction
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"All I can say is that when
I was boy we was always singing in the fields. Not real singing, you
know, just hollering. But we made up our songs about things that were
happening to us at the time, and I think that's where the blues
started."
quoted from Son House at
http://www.teleport.com/~repmail/af-am-mu.html#blues |
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singer
Bama in his prisoners uniform
photo:
The Land Where the Blues Began
by
Alan Lomax
[New
York: Pantheon, 1993]
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| Sprituals |
| Definition of Spirituals |
| 1.
Infoplease introduces the origin and the features of
Spirituals |
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2. "... the negro spiritual developed alongside the
white spiritual in the camp meetings of the American South. Both black
and white versions of the genre have exerted mutually influences on
each other throughout much of their history."
quoted from the website:
http://odyssey.lib.duke.edu/sgo/texts/spirituals.html
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| Essays on
Spirituals: |
| 1. Alaine Locke's 1925 essay "The
Negro Spirituals" |
| 2. Tom Faigin's online essay "Negro
Spirituals: Songs of Survival" |
| 3.
Essay by John W. Gillmore entitled "African
American Spirituals" |
To Fred McDowell
Websites:
get to know McDowell's music and life |
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To Marian Anderson Website:
get to know Anderson's music and life
The
site exhibit the connection between Marian Anderson and the
spirituals, with the collection of manuscripts
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