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Uchida  Yoshiko
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¸ê®Æ´£¨ÑªÌ¡GAmy Lin (ªL©É§g)
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Amy Lin (ªL©É§g)½sĶ
July, 2011

Uchida Yoshiko ¤º¥Ð²Q¤l
(1920-1992)

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        ¤º¥Ð²Q¤lªº¤÷¿Ë©ó1903¦~«e©¹¬ü°ê¡A¦b¤T¤«ª«²£¡]Mitsui and Company¡^ª÷¤s¡]San Francisco¡^¿ì¤½«Ç¤u§@¡A¤º¥Ð¥X¥Í©ó¥[¦{ªü©Ô¦Ì¹F¡]Alameda, California¡^¡A16·³®É¶i¤J¥[¦{¤j¾Ç¬f§JµÜ¤À®Õ¡]University of California, Berkeley¡^´NŪ¡A¨­¬°¤@¦ì²Ä¤G¥N¡]nisei¡^¤é¥»²¾¥Á¬ü°ê§@®a¡A¤º¥Ð¤Q·³°_¶}©l¼g§@¡A³Ð§@¶W¹L¤T¤Q¥»®Ñ¡A¥D­n§@«~¥Hµ£®Ñ¡B«C¤Ö¦~¤p»¡»P¦Û¶Ç¬°¥D¡C1941¦~¡A¤Ó¥­¬v¾Ôª§Ãzµo¡Aù´µºÖÁ`²Î¡]Franklin D. Roosevelt¡^±Û§Y©ó1942¦~¤U¥O¡A©Ò¦³¦è©¤ªº¤é¥»²¾¥Á¡A¥²¶·¶°¤¤ºÞ²z¡A©ó¬O¡A¼Æ¥H¤d­pªº¤é¥»²¾¥Á¡AµL½×¬O§_¤w¬°¬ü°ê¤½¥Á¡A³Q­¢©ñ±ó®a¶é¡B°]²£¡B¤u§@¡B¦Û¥Ñ¡A¬Æ¦Ü¬O´LÄY¡A³Q­¢¾E±p¡C¤º¥Ð¦b§Y±N©ó¬f§JµÜ²¦·~«e¨â¶g¡A»P®a¤H³Q»º°e¨ì©Z¤ÒÄõ¦¬®eÀç¡]Tanfora Racetrack¡^¦w¸m¡A¥Ñ©ó¤º¥Ðªº¤÷¿Ë³Q±¡³ø§½ÃhºÃ¬O¤é¤è¶¡¿Ò¡A©Ò¥H¡A¤º¥Ð¤@®a¬O³Q©î´²­Ó§O¹jÂ÷¦b¦¬®eÀç¡Aµuµu¼Æ¦~¶¡¡A¤º¥Ð¤@®a¤S³Q­¢¾E©¹¦ì©óµS¥L¦{¡]Utah¡^ªº¦«©¬¯÷¡]Topaz¡^¶°¤¤Àç¡C
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        ¡m¸õ»Rªº¯ù³ý¤Î¨ä¥Lªº¤é¥»¥Á¶¡¬G¨Æ¡n¡]The Dancing Tea Kettle and Other Japanese Folk Tales¡^(1949) / ¡mĬ¬Àªº·sªB¤Í¡n¡]New Friends for Susan¡^¡]1952¡^¡G¤º¥Ðªºµ£®Ñ¡A¸Õ¹Ï±N¤é¬ü¤å¤Æµ²¦X¡A³o¨â¥»³Ì¦­¥Xª©ªº§@«~¡A¤º®e¥]§t¤F¤º¥Ð§@«~ªº¨â¤j¥DÃD¡G¤é¥»¥Á¶¡¬G¨Æ»P¤é¸Ç²¾¥Á¦b¬ü°êªº¥Í¬¡¡A¤]³¯­z¤F¤é¸Ç²¾¥Á¦b¥H¥Õ¤H¬°¥DÅ骺¬ü°êªÀ·|¥Í¬¡ªºÁ}§x»P±Ã¤ã¡C
¡m¨ì¦«©¬¯÷ªº®È³~¡n¡]Journey to Topaz¡^¡]1971¡^¡G¤º¥Ð¥À¿Ë©ó1966¦~¹L¥@«á¡A¦o¶}©l®Ñ¼gÃö©ó¶°¤¤À窺¬G¨Æ¡AÂÇ¥H±±¶D²Ä¤@¥N¤é¥»²¾¥Áªº¿iÃø»P¹üÅã¥L­Ìªº¦¨´N¡A¦P®É¤]³B²z¤FºØ±Ú¡B¤½¥Á¡B¦Û§Ú»{¦P»P¸ó¤å¤ÆªºÃö«Y¡C1971¦~¡A¤º¥Ð¥Xª©¦¹®Ñ¡A§Æ±æÅý¦~»´ªº¤@¥Nª¾¹D¯ª¤÷¥Àªº¬G¨Æ¡A¦¹®Ñ¤§«á¡A¤º¥Ð³°Äò¥Xª©¹Ïµe®Ñ©M¤p»¡¡AÅý¦~»´¤@¥NÁA¸Ñ·í¦~¤é¥»²¾¥Á¦b¶°¤¤Àç©Ò¨ü¨ìªº§é¿i¡A³o¨Ç§@«~ªº¤åµ§¦h¥Î»´ÃPªº»y½Õ¡A¨Ó®i²{¥D¨¤­Ì¦bÁ}§x·í¤¤©Ò®i²{ªº¼ÖÆ[»P¥]®e¤O¡C
¡m©ñ³v¡G³s®Ú©Þ°_ªº¤é¸Ç²¾¥Á®a®x¡n¡]Desert Exile: The Uprooting of a Japanese American Family¡^¡]1982¡^¡G¤º¥Ð¦]¦¹¦Û¶Ç¦¡§@«~¶}©l¥´ÅT¦W¸¹¡A¤]ÃÒ©ú¤º¥ÐŪªÌ¸s¨Ã¤£«]­­©ó¨àµ£©M«C¤Ö¦~¡AÂǥѦ¹®Ñ¡A¤º¥Ð°O¿ý¤F²¾¥Á¥v¤¤­«­nªº¤@¨è¡A¤]¨è¹º¦Û§Ú»P¤å¤Æ»{¦Pªº¾i¦¨¡C1942¦~¬K¤Ñ¡A¬ü°ê°Ñ»P¤G¦¸¤j¾Ô¤£¤[¡A¶È¦]¾Ô²¤»Ý­n¡A¬ü°ê·í§½¤Q¤À®£Äߤ饻²¾¥Á­Ì¦³¥i¯à±N¾Ô±¡¬ªº|µ¹¥L­Ìªº¥À°ê¡A¦]¦¹¬ù11¸U¤é¥»²¾¥Á³Q±j­¢¾E©¹¶°¤¤Àç¡C¥»®Ñ´y­z¤é¥»²¾¥Á®a®x¹çÀRªº¥Í¬¡¡A¦b¬Ã¯]´ä¨Æ¥ó«á¥Ë¸Ñ¡A¥D¨¤ªº¤÷¿Ë³Q±¡³ø§½µø¬°¶¡¿Ò¡A¦bºò­¢ªº¨n±é¤§¤U¡A¥þ®a¤HªºÁô¨p¿ºµMµL¦s¡AÀH«á¡A¥L­Ì³Q­¢¾E©¹°¾»÷¯î²D»Å¼öªºµS¥L¡]Utah¡^¨Fºz¡A»P¼Æ¤d­Ó®a®x¹LµÛ¶°Åé¨N¯D¦p´Zªº¥Í¬¡¡AÂǥѤ饻²Ä¤G¥N²¾¥Áªº²´¤¤¡A´¦ÅS¦b±j½Õ¤HÅvªº¬ü°ê¡A³º¦³µo¥Í¦p¦¹¤£¥ú±mªº¾ú¥v¡A¤]®i²{¤F¤é¥»²¾¥Á¤jµL¬Èªº°í¼Ýºë¯«¡A¨Ã±±¶D¬ü°êªÀ·|¹ï¨È¬w²¾¥Áªºª[µø¡Cµû½×®a«ü¥X¡AÂǥѳo¥»®Ñ¡AÅý©Ò¦³ªº¬ü°ê¤HÁA¸Ñ¡A³o¤@¬q¥Ã»·¤£¯à³Q¿ò§Ñ¡A¨S¦³²z©Ê¨S¦³¤H©Êªº¾ú¥v¡A¨ÃÀ³²`¦Ûĵ±§µ´¤£¯à­«ÁÐÂÐÂá¡C

       ¡m·Ó¤ù·s®Q¡n¡]Picture Bride¡^¡]1982¡^¡G¤º¥Ð¦b¥»®Ñ´yø¤F³\¦h¤G¤Q¥@¬ö¦­´Á¤é¥»²¾¥Á¤k©Êªº¦@¦P¸gÅç¡A¤Q¤E¥@¬ö¥½´Á¡A¤j¶qªº¤é¥»²¾¥Á²¾©~¬ü°ê¡A1908-1920¦~¶¡¡A¬ü°ê¬F©²³]¥ß¡u¤ÏºØ±Ú¤¬±Bªk¡v¡]anti-miscegenation law¡^¡A¬°¤F¨¾¤î¤é¥»²¾¥Á¨k©Ê»P¥Õ¤H¤k©Êµ²±B¡C¦¹¥~¡A¦b¶Ç²Îªº¤å¤Æ±Ð¨|¤§¤U¡A¤é¥»¤k©Ê©¹©¹³Q­n¨D¦¨¬°¨Ä¥©ªº¤k¨à»P¯à·F·Å¬Xªº©d¤l¡A¨ü­­©ó¦p¦¹±Ð±ø¤U¡A¥[¤W¬ü°ê²¾¥Á¦a»Ý­n¤j¶qªº·s®Q¡A¬°°l¨D·s¥Í¬¡¡A³\¦h¤é¥»¤k©Ê¼ÝµM¨MµMªº¦¨¬°¡u·Ó¤ù·s®Q¡v»·¶ù¬ü°ê¡C¥»®Ñªº¤k¥D¨¤¡u¤j®cµØ¡v¡]Omiya Hana¡^¡A¨­¬°ªZ¤h¤§«á¡A©M¦h¼Æªº¤é¥»¤k©Ê¤£¦P¡A¨ü¹L±Ð¨|¡A¬°¤F­n°kÁ×´C¦Xªº±B«Ã¡A´N¦b³o¼Ëªº¾ú¥v­I´º¤U¡A»·Â÷®a¶é«e©¹¬ü°ê¡A¦¨¬°²Ä¤@¥N²¾¥Á¡uªZ¥Ð¤Ó­¦¡v¡]Takeda Taro¡^ªº©d¤l¡CµØ¹ï¬ü°êªº¤@¤Á·Q±æ¡A¦b¬°´Á¼Æ¤ëªº®Èµ{¤¤³vº¥·l¯Ó¡A©è¬ü«á¡A¬°¤F¨¾¤î²¾¥Á±N¬Ì¯f±a¤J¬ü°ê¡A¬ü°ê¬F©²²Ê¼É¦a±N¥L­Ìµu¼È¹jÂ÷¦b¤Ñ¨Ï®q¡]Angel Island¡^¡AµØ¶}©l¹ï·s¥Í¬¡ªº¼¥¼©¥¢±æ¡A²æÂ÷¤Ñ¨Ï®q«D¤H¯ëªº¹jÂ÷¥Í¬¡«á¡A¦b²Ä¤@¦¸¨£¨ì§Y±N¦¨¬°¦Û¤v¤V¤Òªº¤Ó­¦«á¡AµØ§ó·P¨ü¨ì½ÄÀ»¡A²´«eªº¤Ó­¦¤£¹³·Ó¤ù¤¤ªº31·³«C¦~¡A¦Ó¬O­Ó¬Ý°_¨Ó¾ú¸g·É®áªº¤¤¦~¤H¡A§Y«K¥¢¸¨¦Ü·¥¡AµØ¤´±o»P¤Ó­¦µ²±B¡A±B«á¡A²¾¥Á¥Í¬¡¨Ã¤£¦pµØ©Ò·Q¹³ªº¬ü¦n¡A¬°¤FÀ°¦£¥Í­p¡AµØ¶}©lÀ°¦£¤Ó­¦¸gÀçÂø³f©±¡A¬°¤F°l¨D¿W¥ß¥Í¬¡¨Ó¨ì¬ü°ê¡AµØ«o«Ü¿Ø¨ëªº¥²¶·¦¨¬°¤@¦ì¬X¶¶ªº©d¤l¡A¬Æ¦Ü¥²¶·¬°¤F¤V¤Ò©ñ±ó¦Û¤vªº©v±Ð¡A¦b³o¼Ëªº¹Lµ{¸Ì¡A©t±Iªº¥Í¬¡¡A¨ÏµØ»P¤Ó­¦ªº¦n¤Í¡u¤s¥[²M¡v¡]Kiyoshi Yamaka¡^µo®i¥X¤@¬q¶W¶V¤Í½ËªºÃö«Y¡A¾ú¸g³Q¤Ó­¦µo²{Åʱ¡»P²Mªº¦º¤`¡Aµ´±æ¤U¡AµØ¶}©l¿Ä¤J²¾¥Á¥Í¬¡¡A¬°¤F®a­p¡A¦o¬Æ¦Ü¥²¶·¥X¥~¤u§@¡A¤]²£¤U²¾¥Á²Ä¤G¥N¡Aº¿²ú¡]Mary¡^¡AµØ»Pº¿²ú¶¡ªº½Ä¬ðÃö«Y¡A¤]¥Nªí²Ä¤@¥N»P²Ä¤G¥N²¾¥ÁÆ[©À¤Wªº½Ä¬ð¡A¤Ó¥­¬v¾Ôª§Ãzµo«á¡AµØ¤@®a¤H³Q­¢¾E©¹¶°¤¤Àç¡A¦Ó¤Ó­¦¤]¦]¬°¹Ú·Q¯}·À¡A¦b«é±«¤§¶¡³Qºj±þ¨­¤`¡A¾ú¸gºØºØµ´±æ¦ÒÅç¡A¬G¨Æªº³Ì«á¡AµØ»P¥t¤@¬°¤é¥»²¾¥Á©d¤l¡uµâ¡v¡]Kiku¡^¨M©w«i´±­±¹ï©¹«áªº¤H¥Í¡CÃhµÛ¹ï¤é¥»¤k©Ê²¾¥Áªº·q·N¡A¤º¥Ð¥ÎÀu¶®¦ýÄYµÂªº¤f§k¡A¶D»¡¤@¬q¤é¥»²¾¥Á¤k©Ê¦p¦ó¾AÀ³¬ü°êªº¬G¨Æ¡C


°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ

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Introduction. University of Washington Press. <http://www.washington.edu/uwpress/search/books/UCHDEP.html >.

Fuse, Montye P. ¡§Under the Burden of Yellow Peril: Race, Class, and Gender in Yoshiko

Uchida's Picture Bride.¡¨ Women in Literature: Reading through the Lens of Gender. Ed. Jerilyn Fisher and Ellen

S. Silber. London: Greenwood P, 2003. 230-33.

Pan, Zhiming. ¡§Uchida, Yoshiko.¡¨ The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Asian American

Literature. Ed. Guiyou Huang. Vol. III. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2009. 943-44.

Hune, Shirley. ¡§Doing Gender with a Feminist Gaze: Toward a Historical Reconstruction of

Asian America.¡¨ Contemporary Asian America: A Multicultural Reader. Ed. Min Zhou and James V. Gatewood.

New York: New York UP, 2000. 413-30.

Uchida, Yoshiko. Picture Bride. Seattle: U of Washington P, 1997.

¡§Uchida, Yoshiko.¡¨ Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 26

May 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshiko_Uchida>.

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